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I’ve been a dairy cattle photographer for over 20 years, and one thing is for certain – every day is different. There is no typical day for me.

Dr. Marissa Hake is a practicing calf veterinarian from northwest Ohio. She obtained her undergraduate degree in animal sciences from Michigan State in 2011 and continued there to finish her master’s in public health (MPH) and doctorate in veterinary medicine (DVM) in 2015.

“Grow through what you go through.” Those aren’t just words Jamie Pagel Witcpalek wears on a bracelet; it is a mantra that’s now embedded in her heart.

Fat is an energy-dense nutrient that is a major component in calf milk replacers (MRs) and dry feeds. Over the last 15-plus years, there have been an array of studies looking at MR formulas with different crude-protein-to-fat ratios.

Many people know the length of the daily photoperiod signals chickens and other birds to start or stop laying eggs.

Successful colostrum management requires careful attention to cleanliness. Colostrum, while it is still in a healthy cow, should have a bacteria count of essentially zero. However, by the time it gets into the calf, bacteria counts are often very high.